What is a personal loan, and when is it good to use one?

By Sabrina Karl

Mortgages, auto loans, and credit cards have become familiar financing tools for many Americans. But fewer of us have experience with personal loans.

 

Personal loans are a cross between a mortgage or car loan and a credit card. Like a credit card, you can use the money for whatever you like. Also like a credit card, personal loans are unsecured, meaning there is no collateral—like a house or vehicle—to backup the lender in case you default. As a result, the interest rates on personal loans are higher than on secured loans.

 

Personal loans are structured more like home and auto loans, though. Whereas credit cards offer a revolving line of credit you can use and pay off at various amounts over time, personal loans provide a fixed amount of funds that are repaid in uniform monthly payments over a set loan term.

 

The lowest personal loan rates are currently around 6%, though they range into the double digits. And though term lengths vary, the most common run from 2 to 7 years.

 

So when is a personal loan a good idea? A top reason is to consolidate other, more expensive debt. If you can score a personal loan rate substantially lower than what you’re paying elsewhere, it can be smart to use one to pay off those high-rate obligations.

 

Personal loans are also useful for those who can’t get lower-rate credit. Opening a credit card with a 0% or low promotional rate can be a better option financially, but not if you can’t qualify for one of those.

 

It’s generally advised, however, to refrain from using personal loans for big-ticket items that are discretionary and beyond your budget, like a bigger wedding than you can afford or travel that you’re better off deferring until you can save up enough funds.